基于小波变换的图像低通去噪

提出了一种利用小波变换的多分辨率特性对图像进行低通去噪的方法,系统的阐述了其基本原理和核心算法,并对加噪后的图像实现了低通去噪处理。     

构件裂纹缺陷的超声识别

将小波包多分辨率分析与能量谱相结合,提出了金属材料缺陷特征提取的方法(小波包子带能量比较法)及不同缺陷的识别方法(小波分形神经网络法)。选取最能反映缺陷特征的参数——"能量特征向量"作为特征参数,进行缺陷的特征提取。缺陷的识别方法将小波包分解后各子带系数的分形维数作为特征矢量,对其进行径向基神经网络训练,从而可很明显区分出有无裂纹以及不同裂纹信号。以航天发射塔架钢连接构件疲劳裂纹超声检测信号为例,使用所提出的特征提取和模式识别方法,结果表明是行之有效的新方法,为金属材料缺陷检测与识别开拓了新思路。     

基于小波变换的自适应多用户检测算法

在分析传统自适应多用户检测的基础上 ,提出了一种基于小波变换的自适应多用户检测算法。用小波变换进行前处理 ,然后再通过 LMS算法实现自适应多用户检测。与通常的自适应多用户检测算法相比 ,该算法利用了小波变换对小波空间进行了分解 ,信号经小波变换后自相关性会下降 ,收敛速度提高。同时在此分解过程中 ,根据信号与白噪声在不同尺度上的小波变换模极大值表现完全不同的特性进行信号的消噪。理论分析和仿真结果表明 ,该算法收敛速度较快 ,计算量增加较少 ,易于实时实现 ,而且具有良好性能。同时仿真实验表明 ,收敛速度与小波基选择有关 ,对于同一小波基系列 ,小波基的正则性越好收敛速度越快     

Detection of hydrothermal alteration zones using ASTER data in Nimu porphyry copper deposit,south Tibet,China

Advanced space-borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) data were evaluated for the hydrothermal alteration mapping of the Nimu porphyry copper deposit, southern Tibet. According to the metallogenic model for porphyry copper, we chose hydrothermal alteration mineral association and then established a remote sensing model. Relative absorption-band depth (RBD) and simple band combination methods in visible near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands were used to retrieve information about lithological distributions. Principal component analyses (PCA) were applied to extract the prospecting information based on the spectral information of argillization mineral association, propylitization mineral association, and iron stained (limonite) effects. Results of the study match up well with known copper occurrences and a circular structure in study area, while circular structures usually have close relationship with mineralization. Combined with field validation, ASTER data are proved able to characterise the alteration zone of these porphyry deposits. With VNIR and SWIR bands, argillic, propylitic and ferritization alterations in a single deposit can be effectively discriminated.     

锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片叶冠防错位设计方法

针对锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片在使用过程中发生的叶冠错位故障,在综合分析各次叶冠错位故障发生原因的基础上,总结了锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片叶冠错位模式,绘制了模式图,并针对各种叶冠错位模式提出了1套完整的锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片预防叶冠错位的设计方法。在2型发动机上进行应用的结果表明,本方法是切实可行的。     

Aerodynamic design of tractor propeller for high-performance distributed electric propulsion aircraft

Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft, a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically. Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk, the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream, based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure. As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss (MIL) propeller at a specified thrust level, significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved, which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.     

Studies of the geocenter motion using 16-years DORIS data

An accuracy of geocenter motion estimation is strongly dependent on the geodetic network size and stations distribution over the Earth’s surface. From this point of view DORIS system has an advantage, as its ground network of beacons consists of more than 50 sites, equally distributed over the Earth’s surface. Aiming to study variations of the geocenter movements, the results of DORIS data analysis for the time span 1993.0–2009.0 (inawd06.snx series), performed at the Analysis Centre of the Institute of astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, have been used. DORIS data processing was made with GIPSY/OASIS II software, developed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory and modified for DORIS data processing by Institute Géographique National. Standard deviations of stations coordinates are estimated at the level 0.5–4.0 cm (internal consistency), depending on the number of satellites used in the solution. RMS of estimated components of the DORIS satellites orbits, compared with the solutions of other IDS analysis centres, do not exceed 1–2 cm. Weekly solutions for coordinates have been transformed from free network solutions (inawd06.snx series) to a well defined terrestrial reference frame ITRF2005 with the use of seven parameters of Helmert transformation, which were examined with a view to study variations of the geocenter movements (ina05wd01.geoc time series). In order to estimate linear trend, amplitudes, periods and phases of geocenter variation a method of linear regression was applied. The evaluated amplitudes of annual variations are of the order of 5–7 mm for X and Y components and 27–29 mm for Z component. Semi-annual amplitudes are also noticeable in all components (1–34 mm for X, Y and Z components). Secular trends in the DORIS geocenter coordinates are: −1.2, −0.1 and −0.3 mm/year for X, Y and Z directions respectively.     

基于区域灰度统计信号处理的图像融合方法

针对多源图像融合问题,提出了一种在多分辨率框架下基于区域内灰度特征统计信号的融合算法.利用图像灰度特征的区域生长法对源图像进行区域分割,并以裂缝边缘作为特征区域的闭合边界,对源图像与分割结果的区域映射图作多分辨率变换.在图像低频部分,以联合区域映射图为指导,在区域内建立信号与噪声的高斯混合分布模型,利用期望极大化(EM,Expectation Maximization)算法迭代估计噪声模型分布参数,获得低频融合结果;在图像高频部分,根据系数在区域映射图上的位置差异分别采用窗口系数加权平均法和系数绝对值选大法进行融合,将低频和高频融合结果反变换得到最终融合图像.融合结果表明:该方法是可行和高效的,且比其他图像融合方法具有更好的性能.     

光纤陀螺噪声对惯导系统精度影响的小波分析

针对当前典型光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统,研究了低动态条件下光纤陀螺输出信号的噪声特性,运用小波多尺度变换方法进行了噪声各频段分量对导航精度影响的深入研究及仿真分析,然后采用小波阈值去噪方法进行了实测数据滤波的有效性验证。结果表明,光纤陀螺噪声的低频段部分是影响导航定位误差的主要因素,而对陀螺高频段噪声的滤波措施对导航精度影响甚微。     

基于贝叶斯可靠性的设计优化在弹翼蒙皮设计中的应用

针对设计优化中存在的偶然不确定性和认知不确定性,采用贝叶斯理论,利用验前信息,进行可靠性分析,提出了基于贝叶斯可靠性的设计优化方法,并将其应用到弹翼蒙皮设计中。在仿真中,计算了两种不确定性下的可靠度分布,优化结果达到了可靠性要求,并且计算简单,易于工程实现。